The global cuisine or world cuisine is a cuisine that is practiced around the world.[ Cuisine (definition). Thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved June 2011.] often associated with a specific region, country,
Asia
Nepal
Philippines
Japan
Japanese cuisine has spread throughout the world, and representative dishes such as
sushi and
ramen are among the most popular. In many cases, Japanese food is adapted and reinvented to fit the preferences of the local populace. For instance, the
California roll is a popular dish in the United States that is a modification of the Japanese makizushi, a type of
sushi. In
South Korea, both the Japanese curry and the ramen have been imported and popularized primarily in the form of instant food.
Tonkatsu and
tempura, which are derived from Western food, are now considered and marketed as uniquely Japanese, as well as
Japanese curry, which is derived from Indian curry.
In many countries including the United States, United Kingdom, Philippines, and Brazil, Japanese restaurants have become popular. Among these countries, Hong Kong, Taiwan, China, Singapore, Thailand and Indonesia are key consumers, according to recent research.
The market of Japanese ingredients is also growing, with brands such as Ajinomoto, Kikkoman, Nissin Foods and Kewpie mayonnaise, are establishing production base in other Asian countries, such as China, Thailand and Indonesia.
China
Chinese cuisine has become widespread throughout many other parts of the world — from
Asia to the
Americas,
Australia,
Western Europe and
Southern Africa. In recent years, connoisseurs of Chinese cuisine have also sprouted in
Eastern Europe and
South Asia. American Chinese cuisine and Canadian Chinese food are popular examples of local varieties. Local ingredients would be adopted while maintaining the style and preparation technique.
Traditional Chinese cuisines include Anhui cuisine, Cantonese, Fujian cuisine, Hunan cuisine, Jiangsu cuisine, Shandong cuisine, Sichuan cuisine, and Zhejiang cuisine,[ "Fujian Cuisine. Beautyfujian.com . Retrieved June 2011.] all of which are defined and termed per the respective regions within China where they developed. These regional cuisines are sometimes referred to as the "eight culinary traditions of China." A number of different styles contribute to Chinese cuisine, but perhaps the best known and most influential are the Sichuan, Shandong, Jiangsu and Guangdong cuisines.[ "Regions of Chinese food-styles/flavors of cooking." University of Kansas, Kansas Asia Scholars. Retrieved June 2011.] These styles are distinctive from one another due to factors such as available resources, climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle. Many Chinese traditional regional cuisines rely on basic methods of food preservation such as drying, salting, pickling and fermentation.[J. Li & Y. Hsieh. Traditional Chinese Food Technology and Cuisine. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition.]
Thailand
Thai cuisine is becoming increasingly popular in other parts of the world, including
North America,
Europe, and other parts of
Asia. Thai restaurants are becoming more and more common, serving
Thai curry and other traditional dishes.
India
Indian cuisine has contributed to shaping the history of international relations; the
spice trade between India and
Europe is often cited by historians as the primary catalyst for Europe's Age of Discovery.
Spices were bought from India and traded around Europe and Asia. It has also had the created influence on international cuisines, especially those from Southeast Asia, the
British cuisine and the Caribbean.
The use of Indian spices, herbs and vegetable produce have helped shaped the cuisines of many countries around the world.
Indian cuisine consists of the foods and dishes of India (and to some extent neighboring countries), is characterized by the extensive use of various Indian spices[ "Indian Cuisine." VisitSingapore.com. Retrieved July 2011.] and vegetables grown across India, herbs,[ "Indian Cuisine." VisitSingapore.com. Retrieved July 2011.] vegetables
The cuisine of India is very diverse with each state having an entirely different food platter. The development of these cuisines have been shaped by Hindu and Jain beliefs, in particular vegetarianism which is a common dietary trend in Indian society. There has also been Islamic influence from the years of Mughal and Delhi Sultanate rule, as well as Persian interactions on North Indian and Deccani cuisine. Indian cuisine has been and is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies. Historical incidents such as foreign invasions, trade relations and colonialism have also played an important role in introducing certain food types and eating habits to the country. For instance, potato, a staple of North Indian diet was brought to India by the Portuguese, who also introduced chiles and breadfruit among other things. Spices were bought from India and traded in exchange for rubber and opium from Malacca.
Europe
France
Greece
Greek cuisine includes more than 80 varieties of local cheeses that are often mixed with pastries and local pizza style cheese breads (
spanakopita), is famous for an abundant usage of walnuts in sauces (
tahini), salads, or other meat dishes.
Italy
Italy's cuisine is one of the best-known cuisines in the world.
[For example, in 2019, the American network CNN ranked first in a ranking of the best cuisines in the world; see: . According to a survey conducted by the British company of market analysis YouGov, out of 24 countries, Italian cuisine was the most internationally appreciated gastronomy with 84% of total preferences; see: ] As a Mediterranean cuisine, Italian cuisine makes heavy use of products based on
wheat,
olives, and
grapes, with
tomatoes being a distinguishing factor, and values using few but high-quality ingredients.
North America
United States
American cuisine is a style of food preparation originating from the United States of America. European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter. The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many foreign nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country. Native American cuisine includes all food practices of the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Modern-day native peoples retain a rich body of traditional foods, some of which have become iconic of present-day Native American social gatherings.
Mexico
Mexican cuisine, as well as
Tex-Mex, has become widespread all over the world.
Canada
Canadian cuisine consists of the cooking traditions and practices of
Canada, with regional variances around the country.
South America
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Papua New Guinean cuisine
The cuisine of Papua New Guinea are the traditional varied foods found in the eastern part of the
New Guinea island. Approximately 80% of the population is reliant on subsistence agriculture, so a large percentage of food energy and protein consumed in Papua New Guinea is produced locally, while the balance is imported. The
staple foods in the country includes root crops, bananas, and
sago. Papua New Guinea's diet is largely
vegetarian, especially in the
Gulf Province and
Highland Papua regions.
See also
Further reading
-
Albala, Ken (2011). Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia Greenwood.
-
Zobel, Myron (1962). "Global cuisine: being the unique recipes of the 84 top restaurants of the world." Patron Press.
-
California Culinary Academy (2001). In the World Kitchen: Global Cuisine from California Culinary Academy. Bay Books (CA). .
-
Cheung, Sidney; Tan, Chee-Beng (2007). Food and Foodways in Asia: Resource, Tradition and Cooking. Routledge. pp. 201–209.
-
MacVeigh, Jeremy (2008). International Cuisine. Delmar Cengage Learning; 1st edition. .
-
Nenes, Michael F; Robbins, Joe (2008). International Cuisine. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, John & Sons; 1st edition. .
-
Scarparto, Rosario (2000). "New global cuisine: the perspective of postmodern gastronomy studies." Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology.
External links
